Examination
Syllabus For TGT (Science)
Effect of Current: Potential;
potential difference ohms law; series combination of resistors, parallel
combination of resistors; Power dissipation due to current; Inter relation
between P,V,I and R. Magnetic field & magnetic lines, Magnetic field due to
current carrying conductor; Fleming left hand rule, Electromagnetic Induction;
Induced Potential Difference, Induced current; Direct current, Alternating
current; Frequency of AC, Advantage of Electronic Motor & Electronic
Generator.
Light: Convergence
and Divergence of light; Images formed by a Concave Mirror; related concepts,
centre of curvature; principles axis, optic centre, focus, focal length,
Refraction & laws of refraction. Images formed by a convex lens;
functioning of vision and remedies. Applications of spherical mirrors and
lenses. Appreciation of concept of refraction index; Twinkling of stars;
Dispersion of light; Scattering of light.
Source of Energy: Different
forms of Energy, Leading to different sources for human use: Fossil Fuels,
solar energy; Biogas; Wind; Water and Tidal Energy; Nuclear Energy. Renewable
versus non-renewable sources.
Motion ; Force and
Newton's Laws: Displacement, Velocity, uniform & NonUniform motion
along a straight line, acceleration distance-time and velocity, Time graphs for
uniform and uniformly accelerated motion; Equations of motion by graphical
method Equations of motion by graphical method; Elementary idea of uniform circular
motion. Force and Motion; Newton’s laws of motion Inertia of a body; Inertia
and Mass, Momentum Force and acceleration, Elementary idea of conservation of
momentum, Action and Reaction forces.
Gravitation; Work,
Energy and Power: Gravitation; Universal Law Of Gravitation, Force of
gravitation of the earth(gravity, acceleration due to gravity; mass and weight;
free fall. Work done by a force energy, power ; Kinetic and Potential energy;
law of conservation of energy.
Floatation: Thrust
and Pressure, Archimedes Principle ,Buoyancy, Elementary idea of relative
density.
Sound: Nature of
Sound and its Propagation in various media, Speed of Sound, Range of hearing in
Humans; Ultra Sound, Reflection of sound; Echo and SONAR; Structure of the
Human Ear (Auditory aspect only)
Matter-Nature and
Behavior: States of Matter: Gases, liquids, solids, plasma and Bose-
Enstein condenstate, types of intermolecular forces.
Classification of matter into mixtures and pure substances. Henry’s Law.
Concentration of solutions.
Colloids-
phases of colloids, Tyndall effect, Brownian movement. suspension. Properties
of matter. Measurement of properties of matter- S.I. system of units, physical
and chemical changes.
Laws of chemical
combination: Gay Lassa's law, Avogadro law, atomic and molecular masses,
average atomic mass, mole concept and molar masses, percentage composition.
STRUCTURE OF ATOM: Dalton’s
atomic theory, Discharge tube experiments, J J Thomson’s model of atom,
Rutherford’s model, Bohr’s model of atom, electronic configuration, formation
of ions, Characterization of elements as metals, metalloids, or non-metals,
isotopes (their applications), isobars and isotones.
PERIODIC
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS
Mendeleev’s periodic
law, Periodic properties of elements, - trends in the periods and groups:
Importance of the periodic table, position of hydrogen in the periodic table.
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES:
Nature and behaviour Acid, Bases and Salts: Classical definition of acids
and bases, Bronsted- Lowry theory, Lewis concept of acid and bases, relative
strengths of acids and bases, logarithmic or p scale- pH, pOH and pkw, ionic
equilibria in a solution Action of indicators on acids and bases, sources of
acid and bases, Salt-Classification of salts and their pH CHEMICAL REACTIONS: Formulation of chemical equations, balancing
chemical equations, Types of chemical equations with examples.
METALS AND NON-
METALS:
Characters of
metals and non-metals including all properties and applications: Occurrence
of metals in nature : ores and minerals, enrichment of ores metallurgical
operations.
Corrosion: rusting
of iron - prevention of corrosion
CARBON COMPOUNDS: Position of carbon in
the periodic table. Concept of hybridization and shapes of molecules structural
formula and molecular models, types of reactions undergone by organic
compounds, homologous series of compounds having different functional groups, isomerism, IUPAC
nomenclature of organic compounds.
Hydrocarbons – their
classification formation of coal and petroleum.
Industrial source, preparation and properties of alkanes
Alcohols: Preparation and properties.
Qualitative analysis of alcohols, iodoform test, effect of alcohols on living
beings. Carboxylic acids: Preparation and properties. Functional group analysis
of carboxylic acid. Soaps , detergents , biodegradable detergents. Carbon
fibres.
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: Pollution
of river water, Ganga action plan for improving quality of water, Need for
sustainable management of natural resources. Development of non- conventional
energy resources to prevent pollution and atmospheric conservation.
MAN MADE MATERIAL:
Ceramics, cement, porcelain, glass, carbon fibres,
soaps and detergents, polymers, fibres and plastics. Life Processes:
•
What are life Processes.
•
Need for Nutrition.
•
Different modes of Nutrition in animals.
•
What is Photosynthesis .
•
Various steps of holozoic nutrition.
•
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
•
Transportation in Human beings.
•
Transportation in Plants.
•
Transportation in animals.
•
Excretion in animals including Human beings.
•
Excretion in Plants.
Control &
Co-Ordination:
•
Animals – nervous system.
•
Basic unit of Nervous System in animals.
•
Reflexaction.
•
Human Brain.
•
Co- Ordination in plants.
•
Geotropism – Positive, Negative
•
Hormones in animals.
•
Endocrine & Exocrine glands.
Reproduction:
•
Importance of variation.
•
Modes of Reproduction used by single organisms.
•
Sexual Reproduction in plants and animals.
•
Reproduction in Human beings.
•
What happens when egg is not fertiliszed.
•
Modes of avoiding pregnancy(family planning) Heredity and Evolution:
•
What is heredity?
•
Medals Law of inheritance.
•
How is sex determined.
•
Evolution & Classification.
•
Acquired and inherited traits.
•
Homologus and Analogous organs.
•
What are fossils?
•
Human Evolution.
The Human eye and
the colorful world:
•
Structure of eye
•
Defects of eye and their correction Natural resources: The fundamental unit
of Life:
•
What are living organisms made of?
•
Structure organization of cell Tissues:
•
Define tissue
•
Types of plants tissue and animals tissues
Diversity of living
organisms:
•
Basis of Classification.
•
Classification & Evolution.
•
Hierarchy of classification – groups.
•
Plantae, Animalia.
•
Nomenclature.
Why do we fall ill:
•
Health & its failure.
•
Diseases and their causes
•
Types of diseases- Infectious, Noninfectious.
•
Prevention of diseases.
•
Communization
NATURAL RESOURCES:
1. Our Environment
:
Atmosphere,
roll of atmosphere in climate control, wind, rain, environmental pollution:
Global warming and green house effect , acid rain, particulate pollutants,
smog, formation of photochemical smog. Formation of ozone and its break down
ozone hole, causes of ozone hole formation, polar vortex, effects of depletion
of ozone hole. Water pollution-oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand,
international standard of drinking water, processing of drinking water. Soil
pollution: waste recycling, Strategies to control environmental pollution, its
collection and proper methods of disposal.
Biogeochemical
cycles: water cycle, nitrogen cycle, carbon cycle, and oxygen cycle.
• Breath
of life: Air, Air pollution
• Water
a wonderful liquid.
• Water
pollution.
• Biochemical
cycles. Nitrogen cycle. Carbon cycle. Oxygen cycle.
• The
green house effect.
• What
is ozone layer. How does it protect the earth. What are the causes of depletion
of ozone layer. How can it affect day to day life of living organisms.
Improvement in Food
Resources:
• Improvement
in crop yield.
• Animal
Husbandry.
• Need
for Intercropping.
• Cross
Breeding.
TEACHING
METHODOLOGY
1.
The Nature & Scope of Science: A brief
introduction of Oriental and Western Sciences, Nature of Science, Scope of
Science, Substantive and Syntactic Structure
of Science.
2.
Aims and Values of Teaching Science: Aims of
teaching Science, Values of teaching Science.
3.
Objectives of Teaching Science: Importance of
Objectives of Teaching Science, Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives and
limitations, Instructional Objectives and Specifications.
4.
Approaches and Methods of Teaching Science:
Inductive and Deductive Approaches,
Methods of Teaching 1. Lecture Method, 2. Lecture cum Demonstration
Method, 3. Heuristic Method, 4. Project Method, 5. Experimental Method, 6.
Laboratory Method.
5.
Planning for effective Instruction: Year Plan,
Unit Plan, Lesson Plan – Herbartian and Bloom’s Approach, Criteria for
Evaluation of Lesson Plan. Self
Evaluation
and Peer Evaluation, Learning experiences – Characteristics, Classification,
Sources and Relevance, Teaching – Learning Material and Resources, Use of
Computers.
6.
Science Laboratories: Science Laboratory -
Planning, Procurement, Care and Maintenance. Safety and First aid, Development
of Improvised Apparatus
7.
Science Curriculum: Principles of Curriculum
Construction, Defects in the existing School Science Curriculum, Correlation of
Science with other School Subjects, Qualities of a good Science Text-book.
8.
Science Teacher: Qualifications, Qualities,
Roles and Responsibilities of a good Science Teacher.
9.
Non-formal Science Education: Science club,
Eco-club, Science fairs –Objectives, levels of organizations, importance, Role
of NGOs and the Government in
popularizing science education.
10.
Evaluation: Concept and process of Measurement
and Evaluation, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation, Tools of Evaluation,
Scholastic Achievement Test (SAT) – Preparation, Analysis and interpretation.
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